Route IV and V

(Maumere - Wolowaru - Kelimutu )

The fourth route to kelimutu is from Maumere Via Wolowaru. Before catching the beautiful lakes of Kelimutu, you can visit traditional villages spread out around such as NGgela, Pora, Wolojita, Jopu, Ranggase and Koanara. Most of the Villages where you can see the megalithic monuments and traditional houses. Those some villages above are known well with their excellent hand made weaving that still use naturals dyes. There are alot of Traditional dancing and collections of ethnological objects in those villages. On the way to Kelimutu, you can stop by at Murundao waterfall and Liasembe hot spring.

(Labuan Bajo - Ruteng - Bajawa - Ende)

The fifth route to Kelimutu can be reached from Komodo Island by passing through Labuan Bajo - Ruteng - Bajawa - Ende. Along the trip, you can enjoy the exciting panorama and sandy beaches with its green stones of Nangamboa, Nangapanda, Penggajawa, having a chance to see beautiful natural cave in Mbawe. You will be satisfied if you can find time for sailing and visiting Ende Island by using traditional boat ( Perahu Cadik ), Before Continuing Your trip to Kelimutu, you can stay a while in Ende and visiting Mbu'u beach, Wolotopo, Ngalupolo and Ndona.

To leave Ende, you can take some alternative routes available; Moni to Maumere, Moni to Ende, Moni - Ende - Labuan Bajo by using public transporation, plane, or passenger ship.

Route III

Maumere - Kotabaru - Maurole - Wewaria - Detusoko - Moni - Kelimutu

The third route to Kelimutu can be reached from Maumere by passing through the north sea Flores - well known with sandy Beach and coral garden along coastal area of Sikka Regency, north sea Ende in Kotabaru, Nggemo, Ndondo, Aewora, Enabara, Maurole, Mausambi and Ropa. Then visiting Detusoko, Moni and Kelimutu to catch wonderful view on Top of Mount Kelimutu.

Route II

Labuan Bajo - Ruteng - Bajawa - Riung - Maukaro - Detusoko - Kelimutu

The second route to Kelimutu can be reached from Labuan Bajo where you can visit Komodo Island with its unique species called The Komodo Dragon (Varanus Komodoensis) then continuing the trip to Ruteng and touching the background of hills and beautiful rice field panorama. Then you can visit Bena, a megalithic village, in Bajawa, where people still preserve their anccestral spirits, Mangeruda hot spring and the most exciting coral garden in Riung, which naturally protected by seventeen islets.

Then visiting Mbay by passing through the beautiful white sandy beaches of Maukaro, and Jaga Po at the north sea of Flores. On the way to Kelimutu you can stop by at Oka hot spring in Detusoko and enjoy all the interesting tourist objects around.

Route I

( Ende - Detusoko - Moni - Kelimutu )

Arriving in ende at Hasan Aoeroboesman Airport or IPPI Harbour, You can stay at night in hotels. You can spend your precious time by visiting Bung Karno museum (a formely house of the Indonesian first President when exiled in Ende in 1934 - 1938), Pohon Sukun ( a historical place where Bung Karno found Pancasila), Museum Tenun Ikat, Marine Museum, and having exciting time at City Park, Rendo Park, Ende Beach, or Mbu'u Beach.

After visiting some interisting objects in Ende you may continue your trip Kelimutu is about 53 km from Ende by using public transportation,car or motorbike. On your way to Kelimutu, there are many natural tourist attractions to see such as Japanese Cave at km 7 (Roworeke), Wolowona River, waterfall, ravines, valleys and andlenut farm. Then drive throught and see the nature view of mountains, rubbles, and ravines at km.14. You can stop a while to see the giant eel ini Wolotolo traditional village at km. 20.

You may continue your trip to the exotic panorama of the terraced rice fields in Dile, then straight to another traditional villages like Saga, Pu'utuga, and Sokoria. Getting back to the same route Ende to Kelimutu by passing throug Detubapa known with its agro-tourism, seeing the various kinds of vegetables, cloves, terraced rice fields along the way ti and after Detusoko.

In Detusoko, you can stay at Wisma St.Fransiskus then enjoy Oka Hot Spring, visit Gua Maria ( Catholic cave ) and the old Church. On the way to Nduaria, you could stop by in Nuaone to see the mummy kaki More and Wologai traditional village.

In Moni, you can spend anigh there to catch the sunrise on peak of Mount Kelimutu in early morning. Some hotels and home stays are available here such as Sao Ria Wisata. At 4.00 a.m, you can take a walk or hire a car while seeing the stunning scenery around on the way to Kelimutu. Before getting there, you must pay entry fee at Manukako post which function too as The Volcano Observation Post. You can get the information and ask for guiding from the officials. Parking is available here too.

Then walking down the footpaths through the wonderful nature settings of mountains and valleys with woods and flowers around like edelweiss, and mountain fig (Casuarina yunghuniana). There is existed a special species called gerugiwa,a bird with twelve different twitters.

Catching on the top of the mount, you can enjoy the exciting sunrise and three wonders of Kelimutu Lakes from the inspiration point.

On the way back, you can stop awhile in natural hot spring water at Waturaka, Kolorongo, and liasembe. Than Having a pleasure time at Murundao waterfall. In Moni - Koanara have achance to see traditional villages and dances, buy an elegant ikat cloth as souvenir in which the ikat cloth has the value both as economic and cultural.

Kelimutu Lake Colour a Change

Mount kelimutu including volcanoes are still active. Changes color of water from each lake is an indication of the existence of these activities. Changes in color can never predicted, some people have trust relationship between the color changes on the lake with a forecast  something important happens in a country or in Indonesia itself 

Legend 

Three colored crater lake at the peak of Mount Kelimutu this vulkanik activities, including millions of years ago is a natural phenomenon that does not have both of them in the earth. Menurud Legend, the third lake is the village spirit. Lake Atapolo the red color held a sit as the wicked spirit, Lake Nua Muri Koo Fai green tosca is a young spirit and mudi-Ata Lake Mbupu that black is the soul of the parents or the sage 

The cause of Color Changes 

Among scientists and researchers to provide information that the actual chemical form of iron and sulphate salts, minerals and other activities vulkanik gas pressure and the sun is the factors that cause changes in water color 

Tiwu Ata Polo 

Concentration of Fe and showed less sulphate content is relatively low compared with the crater Tiwu Fai nua MURI koo so this is very possible Fe ² + teroksidasi be formed Fe ³ + ferry hidroksida compound (Fe (OH) 3 a reddish brown sediment with chemical reaction as follows: 
O2 
²------------------------------- Fe Fe ³ + e 
Fe ³ + 3OH -------------------------------- Fe (OH) 3 
(H2O) (sediment / colloid, reddish brown) 

Thus the water in the crater Tiwu Ata Polo occur deposition / colloid or residues of reddish brown

Tiwu Nua Muri Koo Fai

Ion affects the color of water in the crater Tiwu Nua Muri Koo Fai is the presence of Fe ion in large amounts. Hasil Uji kualitatif di laboratorium menunjukan bahwa pada suasana asam kehadiran Fe² memberikan warna hijau. View kimianya composition of the fetus showed sulphate (SO4 ² +) is very high (4100 mg / L) then the green comes from the compound ferosulfat (FeSo4) alami.Reaksi that are going are: 
Fe + + SO4 ² ²-------------------------- FeSo ³ (padatan, green) 

Explained ferosulfat FeSo4 compound, which makes the water crater Tiwu Nua Muri Koo Fai-green, in addition, there are also bubble-bubble sulfur (sulfur corn) that float dipermukaan craters and yellow. 

Tiwu Ata Mbupu 

Visual observation of the distance of ± 500 m (from a height) of water crater this old black-green (Munsell color chart: 5y, 3 / 2). But from the close (down down) was very clear water 

There Cemara mountain vegetation (Casuariana junghuniana) is dense in the mouth and lips in the crater walls, dry leaves, dry pine which float on the surface so that the crater as though the water reddish brown crater

Ikat Weaving

Ikat weaving only made by women and girls on southern part of Ende regency.
According to the story of the local people, there was ap pact between the people on the southern central and northern parts of ende. In the pact, the southern people should make ikat weaving that would be exchanged the foodstuff yielded by the people on the central and northern parts of Ende. If the pact broken, there would be a disaster. The pact is still carried out by the local people. For instance, the raw material such as cotton, dying materials, are sold or exchange with sawo engge pake pela nggubu nggai.

o The process of making Thread
Cotton are cleaned with ola ngeu.after that, it is cleaned again to be aroll of thresd / Elo with Wo’o/ small cotton gin. This thread is ready to be wined/nggoru with jata and ladu. The twine then rolled by make to be aball of thread (lelu meka).Then it is rolled by ola woe to become thread for goa

o Pete Tege / fastening the motif
The roll of thread tehn put on Dao Goa. After Goa Gami, the material / thread is moved to Dao make for motif fastening using the tip of boro leaves / gebang; coconut; raffia fiber, etc. The part of ikat weaving: 

Vertically :

 One / main motif
 Foko
 Mettu
 Tekka
 Eko
 Bue
 Mengge

Horizontally:

 Upu
 Lere
 Bharaka
 Lombo
 Teo Timbu One/singgi
 Engo

The main motif is the name of lawo/sarong. Rawo is Located on center part of sometimes on every sheet ofsarong. The ornament motif is the motifaccompanying the main motif called singi or geto/gero.
According to the kinds of motif and its original place, ikat weaving of Ende – Lio can be divided into two genres of ethnic :




Ende Ethnic : 
rawo Nggaja Sanggetu – Rawo Nggaja Manu – Rawo Nggaja Jara – Rawo Jara – Rawo Pea – Rawo Soke Wunu Karara – Soke Bere Kaze – Rawo rote –Rawo Mata – Rawo One Mesa – Rawo Romobo – Rawo Mangga-/ Bhuja/Ndala-Rawo Nggera/ Gero – etc

Lio Ethnic : 
Lawo Nepa Mite / Te’a – Lawo Pundi – Lawo Mogha – Lawo Kelimara – Lawa mata Sinde – Lawo koko Betho – Lawo Luka – Lawo Gami – Teraesa – Lawo Gelo -,etc


Beside Lawo / rawo , there is also ikat weaving which have form of shawl or stole such as semba – senai – Lete – Side – contemporary sheets like Ana Deo, Ine Pare, etc.

Wood and Kea (coconut shell)

Carving or in a local language called “Weti Nggeri” is an activity to create something become an artistic thing. In Ende Region, The craft men are rare, because this activity only done by certain people who wave mosalaki descent line.
Local inhabitants (Ende-Lio ethnic) believed if thr artwork carved by right person, however, it would have magic. The material things that used in carving such as:
a) Wood : Kind of woods ussually used for carving; jackfruit, wowo, wula, keta, wege, isi tana, or keli. In carving, each of these woods has symbols and meaning, thus motif and design.

 Adat House / Traditional house :
Some adat house components that carved are Lata Mbewa and Toko Pene, Dube Dalo, Wisu Tenda, Wisu Dari, Sabhe Tenda, Benga Toko and Kaju Ndawa. Kind of carving objects on adat house / traditional house such as: jara (horse); susu(breast); Nggo (gong); Nipa (snake); Degi (lizard); naga (dragon) and bas relief appearing in ikat weaving motif
 Anadeo
Adat statue of naked man or women on standing position with handfaced to front and the palm of handopened to upward. To carve anadeo statue, the carve is usually done in hiding place without any clothes and took the figure as the carving object from mosalaki descent. 
 Keda
Bisades anadeo statue, almost the frames of keda are equipped by the carving of reptiles and some sacred animals
 Tubu Saga
A sacred place for offering food to ancestor spirit, made from wege wood have the circle from and equipped by the carving object ofsnake or another reptiles.
 Bhaku
Smal building around Tubu Kanga used forlay away the case of bone/human corpse from heroes who stuggled at war.Bhaku built by using four masts and equipped by the carving object of snake or another reptiles. The front part of it built like Lata Mbewaand roofed by palm fiber or crossbeam
 Sa’O Bapu
Small house buil by using only one mast from jackfruit barkequipped by the carving object of snake or another reptiles, stairs, and roofed by palm fiber or crossbeam. Sa”O Bapu usually used for put offering food for spirit.
 Jara Angi
The basic building of Jara Angi shaped like ahorse, built only used one mast and roofed by palm fiber. On horse corpse carved with bas-relief of Semba (Shawl) and on its mats carved with snake or another reptiles. Jara Angi functions as a place for offering food for spirit.


 Soku
Small house built by used four masts and on its mats carved with sedhe.On the door mast carved too with the motif of ikat weaving.
 Mbaku

Rectangular shield where on top of it carved with human skull and on its surface carved with two snakes or dragon or another reptiles.

b) Ke’a ( Coconut shell )
Coconut tree has many functions such as; bark for make music tools of nggo wani / Lamba and drum; leaves for decoration. Beside all mentioned above, people also used coconut shell for carving.

 Ke,a Hai
Two pieces of coconut shell put up side down tied with rattan/rope made like cup and on up and down side carved with small scratch. Ke’a hai used for eating / plate.
 Kea Lima
Flat coconut shell take from its bottom and peforated round on up of it and on side of it carved with small scratch. It used for drinking/glass.
 Kea Siri
Kind of bowl functions as glass (to drink moke / arrack) on measurement tools. In Nualolo-Ndona, there is existed Kea sirl from human skull.
 Labhi
Kind of spoon carved serration on its handle and usually used for eating.
 Gabhe
Big spoon From coconut shell and its handle made from word or bamboo and tield with rope/rattan.
 Kedi
Kedi made from coconut shell and function to scrap coconut fruit